Scientific article
| 
04 Sep 2023
Scientific article |
| 04 Sep 2023
| 04 Sep 2023
Big data in Antarctic sciences – current status, gaps, and future perspectives
Angelika Graiff
Institute of Biological Sciences, Applied Ecology and Phycology,
University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
Matthias Braun
Institute of Geography, Department of Geography and Geosciences,
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen,
Germany
Amelie Driemel
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine
Research, Infrastructure/Administration, Computing and Data Centre, 27570
Bremerhaven, Germany
Jörg Ebbing
Institute of Geosciences, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
Hans-Peter Grossart
Department of Limnology of Stratified Lakes, Leibniz-Institute of
Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, 16775 Stechlin, Germany
Institute
for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
Tilmann Harder
Marine Chemistry, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
Alfred
Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Section
Ecological Chemistry, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
Joseph I. Hoffman
Department of Animal Behaviour, Bielefeld University, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
Boris Koch
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine
Research, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
Florian Leese
Department of Technology, University of Applied Sciences, 27568
Bremerhaven, Germany
Judith Piontek
Aquatic Ecosystem Research, Faculty of Biology, University of
Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
Centre for Water and Environmental Research
(ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
Mirko Scheinert
Biological Oceanography, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, 18119
Rostock-Warnemünde, Germany
Institut für Planetare Geodäsie, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
Petra Quillfeldt
Department of Animal Ecology & Systematics, Justus Liebig
University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
Jonas Zimmermann
Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Freie
Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
Ulf Karsten
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institute of Biological Sciences, Applied Ecology and Phycology,
University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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William Colgan, Agnes Wansing, Kenneth Mankoff, Mareen Lösing, John Hopper, Keith Louden, Jörg Ebbing, Flemming G. Christiansen, Thomas Ingeman-Nielsen, Lillemor Claesson Liljedahl, Joseph A. MacGregor, Árni Hjartarson, Stefan Bernstein, Nanna B. Karlsson, Sven Fuchs, Juha Hartikainen, Johan Liakka, Robert S. Fausto, Dorthe Dahl-Jensen, Anders Bjørk, Jens-Ove Naslund, Finn Mørk, Yasmina Martos, Niels Balling, Thomas Funck, Kristian K. Kjeldsen, Dorthe Petersen, Ulrik Gregersen, Gregers Dam, Tove Nielsen, Shfaqat A. Khan, and Anja Løkkegaard
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 2209–2238, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2209-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2209-2022, 2022
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Pavol Zahorec, Juraj Papčo, Roman Pašteka, Miroslav Bielik, Sylvain Bonvalot, Carla Braitenberg, Jörg Ebbing, Gerald Gabriel, Andrej Gosar, Adam Grand, Hans-Jürgen Götze, György Hetényi, Nils Holzrichter, Edi Kissling, Urs Marti, Bruno Meurers, Jan Mrlina, Ema Nogová, Alberto Pastorutti, Corinne Salaun, Matteo Scarponi, Josef Sebera, Lucia Seoane, Peter Skiba, Eszter Szűcs, and Matej Varga
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Maximilian Lowe, Jörg Ebbing, Amr El-Sharkawy, and Thomas Meier
Solid Earth, 12, 691–711, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-691-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-691-2021, 2021
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This study estimates the gravitational contribution from subcrustal density heterogeneities interpreted as subducting lithosphere beneath the Alps to the gravity field. We showed that those heterogeneities contribute up to 40 mGal of gravitational signal. Such density variations are often not accounted for in Alpine lithospheric models. We demonstrate that future studies should account for subcrustal density variations to provide a meaningful representation of the complex geodynamic Alpine area.
Wolfgang Szwillus, Jörg Ebbing, and Bernhard Steinberger
Solid Earth, 11, 1551–1569, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-1551-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-1551-2020, 2020
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At the bottom of the mantle (2850 km depth) two large volumes of reduced seismic velocity exist underneath Africa and the Pacific. Their reduced velocity can be explained by an increased temperature or a different chemical composition. We use the gravity field to determine the density distribution inside the Earth's mantle and find that it favors a distinct chemical composition over a purely thermal cause.
Cameron Spooner, Magdalena Scheck-Wenderoth, Hans-Jürgen Götze, Jörg Ebbing, György Hetényi, and the AlpArray Working Group
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By utilising both the observed gravity field of the Alps and their forelands and indications from deep seismic surveys, we were able to produce a 3-D structural model of the region that indicates the distribution of densities within the lithosphere. We found that the present-day Adriatic crust is both thinner and denser than the European crust and that the properties of Alpine crust are strongly linked to their provenance.
Sinikka T. Lennartz, Marc von Hobe, Dennis Booge, Henry C. Bittig, Tim Fischer, Rafael Gonçalves-Araujo, Kerstin B. Ksionzek, Boris P. Koch, Astrid Bracher, Rüdiger Röttgers, Birgit Quack, and Christa A. Marandino
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The ocean emits the gases carbonyl sulfide (OCS) and carbon disulfide (CS2), which affect our climate. The goal of this study was to quantify the rates at which both gases are produced in the eastern tropical South Pacific (ETSP), one of the most productive oceanic regions worldwide. Both gases are produced by reactions triggered by sunlight, but we found that the amount produced depends on different factors. Our results improve numerical models to predict oceanic concentrations of both gases.
Amelie Driemel, John Augustine, Klaus Behrens, Sergio Colle, Christopher Cox, Emilio Cuevas-Agulló, Fred M. Denn, Thierry Duprat, Masato Fukuda, Hannes Grobe, Martial Haeffelin, Gary Hodges, Nicole Hyett, Osamu Ijima, Ain Kallis, Wouter Knap, Vasilii Kustov, Charles N. Long, David Longenecker, Angelo Lupi, Marion Maturilli, Mohamed Mimouni, Lucky Ntsangwane, Hiroyuki Ogihara, Xabier Olano, Marc Olefs, Masao Omori, Lance Passamani, Enio Bueno Pereira, Holger Schmithüsen, Stefanie Schumacher, Rainer Sieger, Jonathan Tamlyn, Roland Vogt, Laurent Vuilleumier, Xiangao Xia, Atsumu Ohmura, and Gert König-Langlo
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 10, 1491–1501, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-1491-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-1491-2018, 2018
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The Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) collects and centrally archives high-quality ground-based radiation measurements in 1 min resolution. More than 10 300 months, i.e., > 850 years, of high-radiation data in 1 min resolution from the years 1992 to 2017 are available. The network currently comprises 59 stations collectively representing all seven continents as well as island-based stations in the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian and Arctic oceans.
Karin Glaser, Karen Baumann, Peter Leinweber, Tatiana Mikhailyuk, and Ulf Karsten
Biogeosciences, 15, 4181–4192, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4181-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4181-2018, 2018
Hannes Grobe, Kyaw Winn, Friedrich Werner, Amelie Driemel, Stefanie Schumacher, and Rainer Sieger
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 9, 969–976, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-969-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-969-2017, 2017
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A unique archive of radiographs from ocean floor sediments was produced during five decades of marine geological work at the Geological-Paleontological Institute, Kiel University. The content of 18 500 images was digitized, uploaded to the data library PANGAEA, georeferenced and completed with metadata. With this publication the images are made available to the scientific community under a CC-BY licence, which is open-access and citable with the persistent identifier https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854841.
Dieter Piepenburg, Alexander Buschmann, Amelie Driemel, Hannes Grobe, Julian Gutt, Stefanie Schumacher, Alexandra Segelken-Voigt, and Rainer Sieger
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 9, 461–469, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-461-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-461-2017, 2017
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An ocean floor observation system (OFOS) was used to collect seabed imagery on two cruises of the RV Polarstern, ANT-XXIX/3 (PS81) to the Antarctic Peninsula from January to March 2013 and ANT-XXXI/2 (PS96) to the Weddell Sea from December 2015 to February 2016. We report on the image and data collections gathered during these cruises. Seabed images, including metadata, are available from the data publisher PANGAEA via https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872719 (PS81) and https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.862097 (PS96).
Ludwig Schröder, Andreas Richter, Denis V. Fedorov, Lutz Eberlein, Evgeny V. Brovkov, Sergey V. Popov, Christoph Knöfel, Martin Horwath, Reinhard Dietrich, Alexey Y. Matveev, Mirko Scheinert, and Valery V. Lukin
The Cryosphere, 11, 1111–1130, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1111-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1111-2017, 2017
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The paper describes the processing of kinematic GNSS data observed over nine seasons in East Antarctica. The obtained surface elevation profiles are used to validate several data sets of satellite altimetry. Thus, we find a clear recommendation that processing versions provide the highest accuracy and precision. The profiles are used to derive a new set of ICESat laser campaign biases and finally, to evaluate several DEMs.
Amelie Driemel, Eberhard Fahrbach, Gerd Rohardt, Agnieszka Beszczynska-Möller, Antje Boetius, Gereon Budéus, Boris Cisewski, Ralph Engbrodt, Steffen Gauger, Walter Geibert, Patrizia Geprägs, Dieter Gerdes, Rainer Gersonde, Arnold L. Gordon, Hannes Grobe, Hartmut H. Hellmer, Enrique Isla, Stanley S. Jacobs, Markus Janout, Wilfried Jokat, Michael Klages, Gerhard Kuhn, Jens Meincke, Sven Ober, Svein Østerhus, Ray G. Peterson, Benjamin Rabe, Bert Rudels, Ursula Schauer, Michael Schröder, Stefanie Schumacher, Rainer Sieger, Jüri Sildam, Thomas Soltwedel, Elena Stangeew, Manfred Stein, Volker H Strass, Jörn Thiede, Sandra Tippenhauer, Cornelis Veth, Wilken-Jon von Appen, Marie-France Weirig, Andreas Wisotzki, Dieter A. Wolf-Gladrow, and Torsten Kanzow
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 9, 211–220, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-211-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-211-2017, 2017
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Our oceans are always in motion – huge water masses are circulated by winds and by global seawater density gradients resulting from different water temperatures and salinities. Measuring temperature and salinity of the world's oceans is crucial e.g. to understand our climate. Since 1983, the research icebreaker Polarstern has been the basis of numerous water profile measurements in the Arctic and the Antarctic. We report on a unique collection of 33 years of polar salinity and temperature data.
Urban Johannes Wünsch, Boris Peter Koch, Matthias Witt, and Joseph Andrew Needoba
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2016-263, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2016-263, 2016
Revised manuscript not accepted
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We used a combination of continuously measuring water chemistry sensors and periodic sampling efforts to assess the seasonal variability of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the Columbia River in spring and summer 2013.
We found that our sensors can provide detailed data on carbon export that far exceed usual monitoring efforts. The detailed data help to understand the impact of short-lived events, such as rainstorms, on the overall terrestrial carbon flux in the Columbia River.
Alexey Ekaykin, Lutz Eberlein, Vladimir Lipenkov, Sergey Popov, Mirko Scheinert, Ludwig Schröder, and Alexey Turkeev
The Cryosphere, 10, 1217–1227, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1217-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1217-2016, 2016
Amelie Driemel, Bernd Loose, Hannes Grobe, Rainer Sieger, and Gert König-Langlo
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8, 213–220, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-213-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-213-2016, 2016
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Since 1982-12-09 the icebreaker POLARSTERN is the flagship of German polar research. It has conducted 30 campaigns to Antarctica, and 29 to the Arctic. It is therefore the perfect basis for radiosonde launches in data-sparse regions (oceans and polar regions). Radiosondes are balloon-borne instruments which record atmospheric temperature, humidity and pressure. The data are used, e.g. for short and medium weather forecasts. In these 30 years, 12 378 radiosonde balloons were started on POLARSTERN.
A. Driemel, H. Grobe, M. Diepenbroek, H. Grüttemeier, S. Schumacher, and R. Sieger
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 7, 239–244, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-7-239-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-7-239-2015, 2015
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The International Polar Year 2007-2008 was a synchronized effort of over 60 nations to simultaneously collect data from polar regions. However, large parts of IPY knowledge have only been reported in publications. A concerted effort of PANGAEA (www.pangaea.de) and the International Council for Scientific and Technical Information resulted in the extraction of 1270 data sets from 450 IPY publications. They are now available to the public by open access (http://dx.doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.150150).
N. Jiao, C. Robinson, F. Azam, H. Thomas, F. Baltar, H. Dang, N. J. Hardman-Mountford, M. Johnson, D. L. Kirchman, B. P. Koch, L. Legendre, C. Li, J. Liu, T. Luo, Y.-W. Luo, A. Mitra, A. Romanou, K. Tang, X. Wang, C. Zhang, and R. Zhang
Biogeosciences, 11, 5285–5306, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5285-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5285-2014, 2014
B. P. Koch, G. Kattner, M. Witt, and U. Passow
Biogeosciences, 11, 4173–4190, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4173-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4173-2014, 2014
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Short summary
There are many approaches to better understanding Antarctic processes that generate very large data sets (
Antarctic big data). For these large data sets there is a pressing need for improved data acquisition, curation, integration, service, and application to support fundamental scientific research, and this article describes and evaluates the current status of big data in various Antarctic scientific disciplines, identifies current gaps, and provides solutions to fill these gaps.
There are many approaches to better understanding Antarctic processes that generate very large...
